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IPO MECHANICS • Ten weeks in
It Sold 5% of Itself. The Other 95% Is Still Coming.
SpaceX listed on June 12 at $135, valuing it at $1.77 trillion — the largest IPO ever done. It peaked at $225.64 in mid-June, bottomed at $104.83 on August 2, and trades near $141 today. Barely above where it started.
The mechanism that produced that shape is not mysterious, and it is the same one that produces it almost every time. The company offered less than 5% of its shares. A small float against enormous demand is an engineered shortage, and shortages produce prices that have very little to do with the business underneath.

SpaceX share price since its 12 June listing.
At the top, the market valued the company at $2.64 trillion — 141 times the $18.7 billion of revenue it earned in 2025. Then the first earnings report landed on August 4. Revenue beat, and the stock fell hard anyway, because the same document disclosed $28.5 billion of first-half capital spending and roughly $25 billion of negative free cash flow. At that rate the $100 billion on the balance sheet lasts about two years.
There is a second number in that report worth pairing with the first. Revenue for 2025 was $18.7 billion, up 33% on the year, and the company still posted a GAAP net loss of nearly $5 billion. Growth and losses are both real and both large, which is why the stock can be argued either way with a straight face — and why the argument gets settled by supply rather than by opinion.
Here is the part almost nobody prices in advance, and it is entirely knowable. The float rises from 1.8 billion shares today to 5.2 billion by early December as lock-ups expire. Nearly three times as much stock becomes sellable, on dates published in the prospectus, held by people who bought years ago at a fraction of today's price.

SpaceX shares available to trade.
Here’s why it lands on your desk: an IPO is not a company becoming available. It is a small slice of a company becoming available first, at a price set by that scarcity, with the rest arriving later on a schedule anyone can read. The people who owned it before the bell are not selling on day one because they are not allowed to. That is what the calendar is for.
Source: Nasdaq / SEC filings / Motley Fool